Skiving machine



Nov. 25, 1930. R. B. WOODCOCK ET AL 1,782,495

A SKIVING MACHINE Filed April 11, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 m Fig- Nov. 25, 1930. R. B. wooDcocK ET AL 1,732,495

SKIVING MACHINE v Filed April 11, .1927 4 Sheets- Sheet 2 Nov. 25, 1930.

R. B. WOODCOCK ET AL SKIVING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 7. 109 N #3 l2 26' /?5/ e5 K I?! Q fi s/ 159 24 7 7 7 7 13 I 77 o o m {0 Mum/MR5.

Patented Nov. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES REGINALD BOYD wooncocx AND Josnoa. COOK, or nnrcnsrnn, ENeLAnnhssmnons PATENT OFFICE fro unirnm snon MACHINERY CORPORATION, OIPATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A 003- POR-ATION OF NEW'JERSEY sxivme MACHINE Application filed. April 11, 1927, Serial No. 182,929; and in Great Britain a riiliv, 1926. j 1' This invention relates to skiving machines and'is herein illustrated as embodied 1n a machine having a cylindrical skiving knife and adapted more particularly to skiving the margins of pieces ofsheet material such as located partly within the knife and closely adjacent to the upper portion of the edge thereof, the work being held down upon the feed roll by apresser (which may be a driven roll) located above the feed roll. The work passes between the feed roll and the presser and thence over the knife while the skivings pass into the interior of theknife and are directed'by a suitable guide out of the knife to the top of the bench upon which the machine is mounted.

Features of the invention, as herein illustrated in their application to machines ofthe type referredto; relate to improved means for adjusting the knife, an improved mount-' ing for the feed roll, an improved changespeed gearing for driving said roll and an improved mechanism for driving the knife grinder. 7

These and other features of the invention will be described as embodied in an illustrated machine and pointed out in. the appended claims. I

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, 1 i

Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the illustrative machine;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the illustrative machine; i i

Fig." 3 is a front elevation'of the illustrative machine;

Fig. il is a plan view, on an enlarged'scale, the illustrative machine partly in section and with some of the parts in section;

Fig. 5 is a front elevation, on the same scale as Fig. l, of the left-hand end of the machine with some of the parts in section 1 Fig. 6 is a front sectional elevation ofth right-hand end of the machine;

Fig. 7 is an elevation of the machine partly in section; and

Fig. 8 is a section on the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 4, viewed as indicated by the arrows.

Before proceeding to a detailed descrip tion of the illustrated skiving machineyin which descriptionthe terms front, rear, righthand end and left-hand endfwill be used, it should be understood that the front of the machine is exposed to view in Fig. 3. The

operator of the machine occupies the position of the observer of that figure and presents the work to the machine from left to right, as indicated by the arrow. In the illustrated machine the cylindrical knife l (Fig. 5) is made of a single piece of metal and is fixed by four screws 2 to a flange 3 formed on the end of a horizontal sleeve 4. The sleeve AL is rotatably mounted in a bushing 5 which is slidable axially in a bearing Gwithin a hollow machine frame 7 The end of the bushing 5 adjacent to the knife is enlarged, where it projects beyond itsbearing 6, and has formed iny-it a recess which receives a ballbearing 8 positioned between the bottom of the recess and the vflange 3 on'the sleeves to take thethrust on the knife edge. The sleeve lat its right-hand end (Fig. 4) has threaded on it a collar 9 which is adjusted and clampedin position so as to prevent endwise movement of the sleeve in the bushing 5. The bushing 5 has formed on it near its right-hand end rack teeth 10 (Fig. 4) which mesh with a gear'segment ll formed on the end of a horizontal arm 12.0f a bell-crank the frame so that by rotating the stud the gear teeth 11 on the segment maybe caused to mesh properly with the rack, teeth 10 on the bushing 5. The other arm 14: of the bellcrank lever is forked and has rotatably mounted in it a pin 15 through which is threaded a screw 16 passing through the fork.

The screw 16 is rotatably mounted in a pin" 17 which is rotatably mounted in the frame '7 and the screw has on it a collar 18 which engages one side of the pin17 and has fixed to it a hand-wheel 19, which engages the other side of the pin so as to prevent endwise movement of the screw through the pin. When the screw 16 is rotated, the bell-crank lever 12l4 is swung about its pivot 13, and, through the gear segment 11 and rack 10, the bushing and with it the knife 1 are adusted axially. WVhen the bushing and knife have been adjusted the bushing is locked in position by a horizontal hand-screw 20. Extending upwardly from the enlarged end of the bushing 5 (Fig. 5) is a pin 22 which enters a hole in a plate 23 slidingly mounted in a guideway formed on the upper face of the frame 7.

I The plate 23 at its left-hand end is shaped to fit closely up to the rear of the knife 1 and as the knife is adjusted axially, the plate moves with it and prevents a gap from being left between the back of the knife and the frame where the knife projects up through the frame. The bore of the sleeve 4 has fo uned in it two opposed axial grooves 24, 24 which receive tongues 25, 25, formed on a driving shaft 26 coaxial with the sleeve, so as to provide a driving connection between the shaft and sleeve while allowing axial adjustment of the sleeve. The driving shaft 26 is rotatably mounted in a bearing formed in the frame of the machine and has on its end fast and loose pulleys 27, 28 (Fig. for

a driving belt.

A combined belt shifter and belt guard is provided and comprises a ring 29 surrounding tne driving shaft and fixed to two spindles 30, 31 slidingly mounted in the fr me parallel to the driving shaft, the ring 29 and collars 32 limiting the sliding movement by engagement with the frame. Clamped to the ring by screws 33 passing through slots in the ring concentric to the driving shaft is a substantially cylindrical casing 34 surrounding at least one of the pulleys and having in it openings 35 (Fig. 3) through which the belt enters and leaves as it passes around the selected pulley. The member 34 has projecting from it a handle 36 by which itmay be moved from one pulley to the other to shift the belt. he slots in the ring 29 permit of the member 34 being rotated about the shaft axis to position the belt openings according to the direction in which the belt approaches the pulleys.

The driving shaft 26 (Fig. 8) has formed on it a spiral gear 37 which meshes with a spiral gear 38 fixed on a counter-shaft 39 extending toward the rear of the machine. The counter-shaft 39 has fixed to it at its rear end a spiral gear 40 which meshes with a spiral gear 41 fixed'on a feed shaft 42 which. as will be explained, drives the feed roll and the knife grinder. The shaft 39 is rotatably mounted in bearings in a casing 43 which encloses the spiral gears and contains oil in which the gears run. The casing 43 is mounted on the bearings of the driving and feed shafts.

The feed roll 77 (Fig. 4) is mounted, in a manner presently to be described, in a cover 50 which is pivoted to the frame about the vertical pivot 100, so that the cover, and with it the feed roll, may be swung outwardly when desired to give access to the knife, said feed roll being driven, as has been stated, from the shaft 42. This shaft at its lefthand end is rotatably mounted in a grinding wheel driving sleeve 146 which is in turn rotatable in a sleeve 44 carried by the frame of the machine. The shaft 42 has fast to it a toothed clutch member 45 which cooperates with a second toothed clutch member 46. The latter clutch member is formed on a spindle 47 in axial alinement with the feed shaft 42 and slidingly keyed in the bore of a feed roll driving member 48. The driving member 48 is rotatably'mounted in a bushing 49 fixed in the swinging end cover 50 of the frame 7. The spindle 47 is bored to receive a spring 51 bearing against the end of the bore in the spindle and against the end of the bore in the driving member 48. The spring 51 permits the clutch member 46 to yield if, when the clutch members are brought together by the closing of the swing cover 50, the clutch teeth are opposite one another; and, as the feed shaft 42 rotates, moves the members into clutching engagement. The bushing 49 has screwed on its left-hand end where it projects through the cover 50 a cap 52 and that en d of the driving member 48 has in it a recess which receives a hardened block 53 and a ball 54 the latter bearing against the cap to take end thrust imparted to the driving member by the spring 51. When the swing cover is open, outward movement of the clutch member 46 by the spring 51 is limited by a stop collar 55 fixed in the swing cover.

The driving member 48 has formed on it a spiral gear 56 which meshes with a spiral gear above the driving member and fixed on a shaft 57. The shaft 57 is rotatably mounted in bearings in the swing cover 50 and has slidingly keyed on it a pair of spur gears 58, 59 of different diameter which may be moved along the shaft 57 to bring one or other of the gears into mesh with one or other of a second pair of gears 60, 61. The first pair of gears 58, 59 are moved along their shaft by a hand lever 62 pivoted on a vertical stud 63 fixed in the swing cover 50. The hand lever 62 has pivotally mounted in one end of it a block 64 which is shaped to straddle the shaft and engage between the pairs of gears 58, 59. The lever at its other end is provided with a hand-held and carries a spring plunger 65 having a V-shaped outer end adapted to snap over to one side or other of a V shaped blocl. 66 fixed in the swing cover 50 to hold the in mesh. By this means a two-speed drive is provided for the feed mechanism.

Cil

lIf-T) The gears are arranged in a chamber 67,

larged end 70. This end 70 is bored and slotted axially to receive the ball end 71 of p a rod 72 and pin 78 extending through the ball so as to provide a universal joint. A spring plunger 74 in the shaft 69engages the ball 71 and urges it toward the outer end of the shaft. Therod F2 hasat' its other end a second ball 7 5 having a pin 76 passing L transversely through it, which ballend makes universal driving connection with the lower feed roll 77, said roll being substantially barrel-shaped, the curvature of its periphery lengthwise of the roll being substantially the same as the curvature of the knife edge. The;

lower feed roll is keyed on a sleeve 78 which is rotatably mounted at one end in a horizontal stud 79, said stud beingfixed in a roll-carrying .member 80. The sleeve 78 at its other end is bored. and slotted to make universal connection with the forward end ofthe ball-rod 72, and this end of the sleeve is threaded to receive a collar which holds the roll 7 7 inplace; The roll-carrying mem ber 80has extending from it (Fig. 4) a stud 81 which is rotatably mounted in a swin ing frame'82 rotatably mounted on a rod 83 red in the swing cover 50. The axis of the stud 81 passes some three-eighths of an inch above the axis of therod 83 and at right angles thereto, and the roll-carrying" member 80 and we swinging frame 82 and their pivots 81, 83 are arranged as close as possible to the top of the swing cover 50. By this means the lower feedroll 77 can swing downwardly about the axis of the rod 83 for different thicknesses of work and can-tip endwise aboutthe axis of the stud 81for differentinclinations of bevel. The stud 81 has fixed toit adepending arm 84: (Figs. land 5 within the swing cover, and

this arm has attached to it one end of a. spring 85 tending to urge the roll'upwardly about the axis of thestud 81. The other end of the spring is fastened to a screw 86 fixed in a rod 8? projecting through a horizontal slot extending rearwardlyof the machine and formed in the'swing cover 50. The rod 87 has fixed in it by the screw 86 a vertical pin 88 which engages a face on the inside 1. of the swing cover and has a rectangular flange 89 whiche'ngages a face on theoutside of the cover.- outer enda handle 90 bywhich the rod 87 may be moved along the slot to adjust the tension of the spring 85 said rod being locked by thepull of the spring'which binds the pin 88*and flange 89' against the cover. Upward movement of the roll "77 under the influence of the spring'85 is limited by a screw 91 threaded into the roll-carrying member The rod also has on its 80 and engaging the under side ofgthe cover 50. The swinging frame 82 has a depending arm 92 (Fig. 5) inside the swing cover A spring plunger 93 carried in the swing cover 50 engages the arm 92 to urge the lower feed roll 77 upwardly about theaxis of'the shaft 83. A hand-screw 94L bywhich the tension of the spring of the spring plunger may be adjusted is arranged on the outside of and at the left-hand end of the swing cover. Upward movement of theswinging frame is limitedby an adjustable screw 95 in the swinging frame 82 which engages the under side of the top of the swingfcover 50. 7

An edge gage (not shown) is fixed on the top face of the swing cover 50. The swing cover 50 is hollow and is substantially rectangular in shape: having an open side and an open bottom and is pivoted, as has been explained, on avertical shaft fixed at the rear of the frame? andsubstantially in line with the edge of the open side o f the cover. When the cover. is closed, the' open side fits upagainst the left hand end of the frame, and the oint between the two extends rearwardly substantially inthe same plane as the axis of the lower feedroll 77. I

so i

The front, rear and left-hand walls of the cover are cut away (Figsfiffi and 1) to provide an opening through which the waste skivings may freely pass. The lower edges of'the front and rear walls are some inch and aquarter abovethelowest pointof the lrnife plate of suitable shape (not shown) may be fixed inside the cover to direct the skivings downwardly away from the lower feed roll mechanism. f Y w The cover has pivotally connected to its front wall on a vertical pin 101 (Fig.1 3) a rod 102 having its outer end threaded to receive a hand-nut 103 by which the cover may be closed or opened: lVhen thecover clos-ech the rod is swung between arms 104 (Fig. 2) of a fork projecting from the frame 7, anclthe nut is screwed up against the outer face of the fork tolock the cover in closed position. The pin 101 has fixed on it within the cover a cam 105 (Fig. 5) which, when the rod is swung a-wayfrom the fork to allow the cover to be opened, engages an 'arm 106 dependingfrom the lower feed roll swinging frame 82 and depresses the feed roll 77, before the cover 'can be swung open, so as to prevent possible damage to the-knife er is fully closed.

A presser, in the form of an upper feed roll 10?, is supported by an arm 108 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) extending forwardly from the rear of the machine. The arm 108 projects from a vertical post 109 bolted to the frame 7, the post being well to the rear of the ma chine but only some two and a half inches to the right of the knife edge. The arm at its forward end has a vertical bearing 1.10 (Fig. for a rod 111 which is slid-able in the hearing. The rod 111 is pressed down by a strong spring 112 in the bearing which bears against a shoulder 113 on the rod and on a shoulder 114 of a bore in the bearing. The upper end of the rod has threaded on it a handnut 115 which engages the top of the bearing 110 and determines the position of the feed roll above the knife. When it is desired to operate upon the edge of a closed opening in a work-piece the feed roll or presser 107 may be raised for the presentation of the work-piece to the machine by turning a horizontal shaft 116 rotatably mounted in the bearing 110 and having on its inner end a crank-pin 117 which enters a horizontal groove in the rod 111. The shaft has on its outer end at the left-hand side of the bearing a handle 118 by which the shaft 116 may be turned. The rod 111 has at its lower end an enlarged portion 119 (Fi 1) from which a pin 120 projects upwardly into a vertical groove on the bearing to prevent rotation of the rod. The enlarged portion of the rod has formed in its lower face a rearwardly extending guideway in which a stationary presser foot may be adjustably clamped if desired. hen a driven presser or upper feed roll isused. as in the illustrated machine, a bracket 121 is clamped in this guideway. The bracket 121 has pivoted to it on a pin 122, a block 123 in which is rotatably mounted a. spindle 124 (Fig. 7) having fixed on its forward end the upper feed roll 107. The pin 122 is almost directly above the rear end of the roll 10'? so that, when the block 123 is adjusted about the axis of the pin 122, the angle between the lower edge of the roll and the knife is altered without appreciably raising or lowering the rear end of the roll. The block has in it a spring plunger 99 engaging the bracket and holding the end of a horizontathumb screw 125 mounted in an arm 126 at the front of the block against the bracket 121. By adjusting the screw 125 the roll 10'? is adjusted about the pin 122, and upward thrust on the roll is positively taken by the screw. The rear end of the roll spindle 124 is enlarged at 127 and is bored and slotted to receive the ball-shaped end 128 of a rearwardly extending rod 129, which ball end has projecting through it a pin 130 entering the slot, thereby making a universal connection between the rod 129 and spindle 124. The rod 129 has at itsrear end a second ball 131 and pin 132 which enter a bore and slot formed in the forward end of a horizontal shaft 133 rotatably mounted in a bracket 134 on the vertical post 109 of the frame. The shaft at its rear end has fixed to it a spur gear 135 which meshes with a spur gear 136 on the shaft 6!) hcreinbeforc described as carrying the pair of gears 60, 61 of the two-speed mechanism of the lower feet roll. Since the shaft 69 is carried by the swing cover 50 it is necessary to disengage thespur gears 135, 136 when the cover is opened. For this purpose the bracket 134 is slidable vertically by means of a crank shaft 137 and hand-lever 138 carried by the bracket, the shaft having a crank pin 139 entering a slot 140 in the post 109. To ensure that the bracket 134 has been raised and the spur gears thereby disengaged before the swing cover is swung open, the bracket has fixed in it a vertical pin 141 (Fig. 2) which, when the bracket is lowered, enters a hole in the swing cover 50 and locks the cover in closed position.

A grinding wheel 142 (Fig. 7) for the knife is fixed. on the lower end of a spindle which is rotatably mounted in a swinging bracket 143, said bracket being rigid with the grinding wheel sleeve 44 (Fig. 4). The grinding wheel 142 is swung away from the knife 1 about the axis of the feed shaft by a. spring (not shown) connected to the bracket and to the frame and is drawn towards the knife by a hand-nut 144 (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4) at the front of the machine which engages the frame and is threaded on the forward end of a rod pivoted to the bracket. The grinding wheel spindle has at its upper end a bevel gear which meshes with a bevel gear 145 (Fig. 4) fixed on the grinding wheel driving sleeve 146 within the grinding wheel sleeve 44 and surrounding the feed shaft 42. The bevel gears are enclosed in a casing 147 formed on the swinging bracket 143 and sleeve 44. The grinding wheel driving sleeve 146 has slidingly keyed to one end one menr her 148 of a friction clutch which is movable along the sleeve into and out of engagement with a second member 149 fixed on the feed shaft 42; The member 148 has formed in it a groove 150 which receives a crank pin 151 on a crank shaft 152 rotatably mounted in the frame. The shaft 152 has on its outer end a handle 154 by which it may be rotated to move the friction members out of engagement. and a spring 155 moves the members 148, 149 into clutching engagement when the handle 154 is turned in a direction to permit them so to be moved.

Although the invention has been set forth as embodied in a particular machine. it should be understood that the invention is not limited in the scope of its application to the particular machine which has been a ing, in combination, a rotatable knife, a sleeve to which the knife is fastened, a driving shaft slidable in and keyed to the sleeve, and a bushing in which the sleeve is rotatably mounted but with respect to which it is held from longitudinal movement, said bushing being slidably mounted for adjustment in the frame of the machine whereby adjustmentof the bushing adjusts the knife while the driving connection between the knife and the shaft is maintained.

3. A'machine of the class described having, in combination, a cylindrical knife, means for-rotating said knife, a feed roll for advancing a piece of work to the knife, a constantly rotating shaft from which the feed roll is rotated, a driving member of a clutch fastened to said shaft, a sleeve rotatable on said shaft, a driven member ofthe clutch fast to said sleeve, a bevel gear carried by said sleeve, a grinder for the knife, a shaft to which the grinder is fast, a bevel gear on the grinder shaft meshing with the rotatingmechanism, one of said gears being movable out of mesh with the other preparatory to swinging open the cover, and means associated with the. movable gear for locking the cover in closed position when the gears are meshed and for unlocking the cover when the gears are unmeshed.

6. A machine of the class described having, I

in combination, a hollow frame, a cylindrical knife the upper portion of which extends above the top ofthe frame, there being a space between the rear of the knife and the frame, a plate extending substantially across said space, and connections between the knife and the plate such that adjustment of the knife effects adjustment of the plate.

7. A machine of the class described having, j

in combination, a frame having an open end, a cylindrical knife, a shaft to which the knife is fast, the shaft being rotatably mounted in the frame, a cover for closing the open end of the frame, a pivot about which the cover may be swung when desired, a feed roll, a

change speed gearing for the feed roll and a driving member for the change speed gear ing allcarried by the cover, and a driving shaft carried by the frame, said driving memher and driving shaft having interengaging clutch faces.

In testimony whereof we have signed our namesto this specification.

REGINALD BOYD WOODCOCK. JOSHUA COQK.

bevel gear on the sleeve, and means for throwing the clutch in or out as may be desired.

4. A machine ofthe class described having,

in combination, a frame having an open end,

a cylindrical knife carried by the frame, a

cover for closing the open end of the frame,

a pivot upon which the frameis hung so that the cover may be swung out when desired, a

feed roll carriedby the cover, means for ro-.

tatingthe feed roll, a presser roll carried by the frame, and means including a gear car ried by the cover and a second gear carried by the frame and meshing with the first named gear for rotating the presserroll from the feed roll rotating mechanism, one of said gears being movable out of mesh with the other preparatory to swinging open'the cover.

5. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a frame having an'open end, a cylindrical knife carried by the frame, a

cover for closing the openend of the frame,

a pivot upon which the cover is hung so that the cover may be swung out when desired, a

feed roll carried by'the cover, means for rotating the feed roll, a presser roll carried by the frame, means including a gear carried by the cover .and a second gear carried by the frame and meshing with the first-named gear 

